Lymphedema is a chronic condition with swelling in the body's tissues, most commonly in the arms or legs. This condition occurs when the lymphatic system, part of the immune and circulatory systems, is compromised. When this system is compromised it leads to swelling. This swelling can range from mild, barely noticeable changes in the limb's size, to severe swelling that can make it difficult to use the affected limb. It can affect one limb, multiple limbs, the chest wall, the abdomen, and the genitals.
Causes of LymphedemaLymphedema is caused by a blockage or damage to the lymphatic system, which leads to the accumulation of lymph fluid in the tissues. It has two root causes; one is Primary Lymphedema, and the other is Secondary Lymphedema.Primary lymphedema is considered hereditary and is less common. This can cause abnormalities in the lymphatic vessels or nodes. This leads to impaired lymphatic drainage.
Secondary lymphedema is more common and results from damage to the lymphatic system due to various factors, such as surgery, radiation, chemo, or injury.Symptoms of Lymphedema
The primary symptom of lymphedema is swelling in the affected limb(s). Other symptoms may include:
• A feeling of heaviness or tightness• Itching across the skin• Restricted range of motion• Aching or discomfort• Recurring infections• Hardening and thickening of the skin (fibrosis)